Citing sources in the text of a paper

Haiman (1981) notes that ". . . the assumption in our legal system, taking into consideration the importance of context, is that words are the things protected by the First Amendment" (p. 16).

Free speech theorists conclude that ". . . the assumption in our legal system, taking into consideration the importance of context, is that words are the things protected by the First Amendment" (Haiman, 1981, p. 16).

If the quotation runs fewer than forty words, incorporate the quotation into the text. If, the quotation runs forty words or more, indent 1/2 inch on the left (and none on the right), double space, and use no quotation marks. See APA 3.34.

Example:

Rhetorical criticism can have last importance. Campbell (1994) writes:

The enduring contributions of criticism to rhetorical theory are the discovery of forms that permit and evoke participation, of processes that transcend argumentative controversies and immediate situations, of transformations that restructure perceptions and create new perspectives, of syntheses of substantive-stylistic strategems that form genres of rhetoric, and of archetypal forms of interaction. (p. 12)